EXTRA CLASS VOCAB (ECV)

DARIA's vocab

Word / Phrase	Transcription	Definition (English)	Example Sentence	Ukrainian Translation
windows look out onto	/ˈwɪndoʊz lʊk aʊt ˈɒntuː/	to face or have a view of something	The windows look out onto the river.	вікна виходять на
garden view	/ˈɡɑːrdn vjuː/	a room with a view of a garden	We booked a room with a garden view.	вид на сад
sea view	/siː vjuː/	a room with a view of the sea	The hotel offers rooms with a beautiful sea view.	вид на море
mountain view	/ˈmaʊntən vjuː/	a view of mountains from a place	Our balcony has a stunning mountain view.	вид на гори
afterwards	/ˈɑːftərwərdz/	after something else has happened	We went for dinner and afterwards had coffee.	після цього
laugh at	/læf æt/	to make fun of someone or something	Don’t laugh at people’s mistakes.	сміятися з
Doubtful	/ˈdaʊtfəl/	not certain; unlikely	It is doubtful that he will agree.	сумнівний / малоймовірний

saw	/sɔː/	a tool with a long sharp blade used for cutting wood, metal, or other materials	He used a saw to cut the wooden board in half.	пилка
sandpaper	/ˈsændˌpeɪpə(r)/	strong paper with a rough surface used for smoothing wood or metal	She used sandpaper to smooth the surface of the table.	наждачний папiр

advertisement	BrE /ədˈvɜː.tɪs.mənt/; AmE /ˌæd.vɚˈtaɪz.mənt/	a notice or video telling people about a product or service	I saw an interesting advertisement online.	реклама
pond	/pɒnd/	a small area of still water	There is a small pond in the garden.	ставок
landlord	/ˈlænd.lɔːd/	a man who rents out property	The landlord fixed the heating.	орендодавець
landlady	/ˈlænd.leɪ.di/	a woman who rents out property	The landlady lives next door.	орендодавиця
refund expenses	/ˌriːˈfʌnd ɪkˈspen.sɪz/	to pay back money spent	The company will refund expenses.	відшкодовувати витрати
earn money	/ɜːn ˈmʌn.i/	to get money for work	She works hard to earn money.	заробляти гроші
increase	/ɪnˈkriːs/ (verb), /ˈɪn.kriːs/ (noun)	to become or make something bigger	Prices increase every year.	збільшувати(ся)
decrease	/dɪˈkriːs/ (verb), /ˈdiː.kriːs/ (noun)	to become or make something smaller	The number of users decreased.	зменшувати(ся)
resistance	/rɪˈzɪs.təns/	opposition to something	There was strong resistance to the plan.	опір

 

send	/send/	to make something go to another place (used by people)	I sent the package yesterday.	відправити (звичайно людина)
ship	/ʃɪp/	to send goods, usually by a company or in large amounts	The company ships products worldwide.	відправляти (компанія, логістика)
deliver	/dɪˈlɪv.ər/	to take something to a person or place	They will deliver s your order tomorrow.	доставляти (кур’єр до адреси)
receive	/rɪˈsiːv/	to get something that is sent to you (formal)	I received the parcel this morning.	отримати (формально)
get	/ɡet/	to receive something (informal)	I got your package.	отримати (розмовно)

DENYS's vocab

Word / Phrase	Transcription	Definition (English)	Example Sentence	Translation
purchase	/ˈpɜːtʃəs/	To buy something (formal word for “buy”)	She decided to purchase a new laptop.	купувати; покупка
same old	—	The usual thing, often boring or unchanged	It’s the same old story every year.	все те ж саме; одне й те ж
overwhelmed	/ˌəʊvəˈwelmd/	Feeling extremely stressed, emotional, or unable to cope	I felt completely overwhelmed with work.	пригнічений; перевантажений
pace	/peɪs/	The speed at which something happens or moves	You should work at your own pace.	темп
likewise	/ˈlaɪkwaɪz/	In the same way; also	“Nice to meet you.” — “Likewise.”	навзаєм
endurance	/ɪnˈdjʊərəns/	The ability to continue doing something difficult for a long time	Long-distance running requires great endurance.	витривалість фізична або психологічна (довготривала)
stamina	/ˈstæmɪnə/	Physical or mental strength to keep going	She doesn’t have enough stamina for a marathon yet.	фізична витривалість та енергія; стійкіcть

back to back	/ˌbæk tə ˈbæk/	happening one after another without a break	I had two meetings back to back this morning.	впритул, один за одним без перерви
in a row	/ɪn ə ˈrəʊ/	happening several times continuously	She won three games in a row.	підряд, поспіль
be swamped	/bi swɒmpt/	to have too much work or too many things to deal with	I'm swamped with work this week.	бути заваленим роботою
have common ground	/hæv ˈkɒmən ɡraʊnd/	to share the same ideas, opinions, or interests	Despite their differences, they still have common ground.	мати щось спільне (вже мати)
find common ground	/faɪnd ˈkɒmən ɡraʊnd/	to reach agreement or discover shared ideas	After a long discussion, they finally found common ground.	знайти спільну мову (пiсля обговорення)

bring up (a child)	/brɪŋ ʌp/	to take care of a child until they become an adult	She brought up three children on her own.	виховувати (дитину)
upbringing	/ˈʌpˌbrɪŋ.ɪŋ/	the way a child is cared for and taught how to behave	She had a strict upbringing.	виховання
raise (a child)	/reɪz/	to care for a child and help them grow	They raised their son in a small town.	виховувати (ростити)
educate	/ˈedʒ.u.keɪt/	to teach someone in school or about life	Parents should educate their children well.	навчати, виховувати
education	/ˌedʒ.uˈkeɪ.ʃən/	the process of teaching and learning	A good education is important.	освіта / виховання
parent	/ˈpeə.rənt/ (verb)	to take care of a child as a parent	It’s not easy to parent teenagers.	виховувати (як батьки)
parenting	/ˈpeə.rən.tɪŋ/	the activity of taking care of and raising children	Modern parenting can be challenging.	виховання (процес)

• bring up → найприродніше в розмовній мові
• raise → нейтрально (дуже часте в США)
• educate → більше про навчання / цінності
• parent → сучасне, але рідше

demanding	/dɪˈmɑːn.dɪŋ/	needing a lot of effort, skill, or attention	This job is very demanding.	вимогливий
strict	/strɪkt/	strongly controlling behaviour and rules	My parents are very strict.	строгий, вимогливий
salary	/ˈsæl.ər.i/	a fixed amount of money paid regularly for work	She earns a good salary.	заробітна плата (місячна)
wages	/ˈweɪ.dʒɪz/	money paid regularly based on hours or days worked	The workers receive weekly wages.	заробітна плата (погодинна/щотижнева)

easy to read	/ˌiːzi tə ˈriːd/	written in a way that is simple and clear to understand	This book is easy to read, even for beginners.	легко читається
accessible	/əkˈsesəbl/	easy to understand or enjoy for many people	The article is accessible to a wide audience.	доступний, зрозумілий (широкій аудиторії)
straightforward	/ˌstreɪtˈfɔːwəd/	simple and easy to understand; not complicated	The instructions are straightforward.	простий, без ускладнень
it flows well	—	used to describe text that is smooth and natural to read	The story flows well from start to finish.	добре читається, «плавний» текст
stand for	/ˈstænd fɔː/	to represent or mean something	UNESCO stands for United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.	означає, розшифровується як
well-rounded	/ˌwel ˈraʊndɪd/	having a variety of skills or qualities	She is a well-rounded student.	всебічно розвинений
vicious circle	/ˌvɪʃəs ˈsɜːkl/	a situation where one problem causes another, making the first worse	Poverty creates a vicious circle.	замкнене коло (негативне)
criterion	/kraɪˈtɪəriən/	a standard by which something is judged or decided	Cost is an important criterion when choosing a product.	критерій (однина) часто помилка: this criteria →  this criterion
criteria	/kraɪˈtɪəriə/	standards used for judging something	The selection criteria are strict.	критерії
be acquainted (with)	/əˈkweɪntɪd/	to know something or someone slightly	I am acquainted with this topic.	бути знайомим з
boundaries	/ˈbaʊndəriz/	limits of acceptable behaviour or personal space	You need to set clear boundaries.	межі (особисті, психологічні)
borders	/ˈbɔːdəz/	lines that divide countries or areas	Ukraine has borders with several countries.	кордони (географічні)
sink	/sɪŋk/	to go down below the surface of water	The boat began to sink.	тонути (про предмети)
drown	/draʊn/	to die because you cannot breathe underwater	He almost drowned in the river.	потонути (про людей/живих істот)

persuasive	/pərˈsweɪsɪv/	good at making people agree or take action	She is a persuasive speaker and often changes people’s minds.	переконливий / той, хто вміє переконувати (фокус на впливі на людей, спонукає погодитися або діяти)
convincing	/kənˈvɪnsɪŋ/	easy to believe as true or right	His explanation sounded very convincing.	переконливий / правдоподібний (фокус на логіці, доказах, викликає довіру; більше про ідею, аргумент, пояснення)
turn into	/tɝːn ˈɪntuː/	to change and become something different	The small idea turned into a successful business.	перетворюватися на / ставати чимось іншим
mostly	/ˈmoʊstli/	mainly; for the most part	The group is mostly beginners.	здебільшого / переважно
self-centered	/ˌself ˈsentərd/	only thinking about yourself and your own needs	He is too self-centered to notice other people’s problems.	егоцентричний (думає лише про себе)
self-important	/ˌself ɪmˈpɔːrtnt/	believing that you are more important than others	She sounded self-important in the meeting.	зарозумілий / пихатий (вважає себе дуже важливим)
attention-seeking	/əˈtenʃən ˌsiːkɪŋ/	behaving in a way that tries to get attention	His dramatic posts seem very attention-seeking.	той, хто привертає увагу до себе
show-off	/ˈʃoʊ ɒf/	someone who tries to impress people by showing abilities or possessions	Don’t be such a show-off.	хвалько / показушник

probe	/proʊb/	a long, thin tool used to examine or test something	Insert the probe into the meat to check if it is ready.	щуп (загальний технічний варіант; кухонний щуп для перевірки готовності їжі)
food thermometer probe	/fuːd θərˈmɑːmɪtər proʊb/	the metal part of a food thermometer that measures temperature inside food	The food thermometer probe showed the chicken was fully cooked.	щуп термометра для їжі (найточніший варіант для м’яса, випічки тощо)
skewer	/ˈskjuːər/	a thin stick used for holding pieces of food or testing food	Use a skewer to check if the cake is done.	шпажка / паличка (можна використати як щуп для перевірки готовності пирога чи тіста)
stencil	/ˈstensəl/	a thin sheet with a pattern cut out, used for drawing or painting the pattern	She used a stencil to paint stars on the wall.	трафарет (для малювання, декору, нанесення букв чи візерунків)
template	/ˈtemplət/	a pattern or model used as a guide for making something	I downloaded a CV template online.	шаблон / трафарет (робочий, цифровий або паперовий зразок форми)

seed hole template (template that makes holes for seeds) - трафарет для лунок під насіння

establish trust	/ɪˈstæblɪʃ trʌst/	to build confidence and belief between people	Good communication helps establish trust in a team.	встановити довіру
succeed	/səkˈsiːd/	to achieve what you want or reach a goal	If you work hard, you can succeed.	досягти успіху; досягти мети
success	/səkˈses/	the achievement of what you wanted or planned	Her business became a great success.	успіх
be successful	/bi səkˈsesfəl/	to achieve good results or become prosperous	He wants to be successful in life.	бути успішним
be a credit to	/bi ə ˈkredɪt tuː/	to make people feel proud because of good behaviour or achievements	You are a credit to your family.	бути гордістю; робити честь комусь
pull yourself together	/pʊl jɔːˈself təˈɡeðə(r)/	to calm down and behave normally after being upset	Pull yourself together and finish the interview.	зберися; візьми себе в руки
get your act together	/ɡet jɔːr ækt təˈɡeðə(r)/	to organize yourself and start behaving effectively or responsibly	You need to get your act together and stop being late.	взятися за розум; зібратися; налагодити себе
impromptu	/ɪmˈprɒmptjuː/	done or said without being planned or prepared	She gave an impromptu speech at the party.	експромтом; імпровізований; без підготовки
spontaneously	/spɒnˈteɪniəsli/	in a natural, sudden way, without planning	They spontaneously decided to go to the sea.	спонтанно; раптово
off the cuff	/ɒf ðə kʌf/	said or done without preparation, especially speaking	He answered the question off the cuff.	без підготовки; експромтом
offhand	/ˌɒfˈhænd/	without previous thought or preparation; sometimes casual or rude	I can’t remember her name offhand.	навскидку; не подумавши;

warehouse	/ˈweə.haʊs/	a large building for storing goods before they are sold, used, or sent somewhere	Many international companies use warehouses to store imported goods before distributing them to local markets.	склад (для зберігання товарів)
have an eye for (something)	/hæv ən ˈaɪ fɔː/	to be good at noticing and judging something, especially quality or detail	Successful designers often have an eye for detail, which allows them to create visually appealing products.	мати гарний смак / добре розбиратися в чомусь
recall	/rɪˈkɔːl/	to remember something from the past	Older participants were able to recall significant historical events more accurately than younger respondents.	пригадувати, згадувати (прикладати зусилля, щоб згадати)

tissue	/ˈtɪʃuː/	soft paper used for cleaning your nose or face	She grabbed a tissue because she had a cold.	паперова хустинка, серветка для носа
napkin	/ˈnæpkɪn/	paper or cloth used during meals to clean your hands or mouth	He wiped his mouth with a napkin after dinner.	серветка паперова або текстильна, яка використовується під час їжи

touch base	/ˌtʌtʃ ˈbeɪs/	to make contact with someone briefly in order to exchange information or discuss something	Let’s touch base next week to discuss your IELTS progress and future study plan.	зв’язатися, коротко обговорити справи, вийти на зв’язок
shed	/ʃed/	a small simple building, usually in a garden, used for storing tools or equipment	My grandfather keeps all his gardening tools in a wooden shed behind the house.	сарай, господарська будівля
shop (Canadian or rural usage)	/ʃɑːp/	in Canadian English and some rural areas, a large outbuilding or workshop used for repairs, tools, vehicles, or practical work rather than for animals or storage only	In Canada, many people call a large garage-like workshop a shop, especially on farms.	майстерня, великий сарай-майстерня, робоче приміщення
it goes without saying	/ɪt ˌɡoʊz wɪˌðaʊt ˈseɪɪŋ/	used to say that something is so obvious that it does not need to be mentioned	It goes without saying that regular speaking practice is essential for improving fluency.	само собою зрозуміло, це очевидно, годі й казати

offhand	/ˌɒfˈhænd/	said or done without much thought or preparation; can also sound slightly casual or even dismissive	She made an offhand comment about moving abroad, but later we realized she was serious.	мимохідь, не подумавши, спонтанно сказаний,
off-the-cuff	/ˌɒf.ðəˈkʌf/	spoken or done without preparation, especially a speech, answer, or opinion. More informal and conversational.	His off-the-cuff answer during the interview sounded surprisingly professional and confident.	експромтом, без підготовки, спонтанно
impromptu	/ɪmˈprɒmp.tjuː/	done or said suddenly without planning or preparation. More formal and often used for speeches, performances, meetings, or events.	The professor gave an impromptu lecture on artificial intelligence after a student asked an unexpected question.	імпровізований, експромтний, непідготовлений

mascot	/ˈmæskɒt/	a person, animal, or object that represents a group and brings good luck	The panda is the school’s mascot.	талісман, маскот
turn out	/ˌtɜːrn ˈaʊt/	to happen in a particular way or to have a particular result	The meeting turned out better than we expected.	виявитися, зрештою бути
lizard	/ˈlɪzəd/	a small reptile with a long tail	A green lizard was sitting on the rock.	ящірка
discharge	/dɪsˈtʃɑːrdʒ/	to remove things from a vehicle or container; to unload	Workers began to discharge the truck early in the morning.	розвантажувати
nausea	/ˈnɔːziə/	the feeling that you are going to vomit	The strong smell caused nausea.	нудота

have a lot on your plate	/hæv ə lɒt ɒn jə pleɪt/	to have many tasks, responsibilities, or problems to deal with	I can't take on another project right now — I have a lot on my plate.	мати дуже багато справ
my plate is full	/maɪ pleɪt ɪz fʊl/	to be very busy and unable to accept more work or responsibilities	I'd love to help, but my plate is full at the moment.	я дуже зайнятий; у мене все розписано
have too much on your plate	/hæv tuː mʌtʃ ɒn jə pleɪt/	to have more work or responsibilities than you can comfortably manage	I've got too much on my plate right now to start anything new.	мати надто багато справ; бути перевантаженим
take something off somebody's plate	/teɪk ˈsʌmθɪŋ ɒf ˈsʌmbədiz pleɪt/	to remove some of someone's work or responsibilities	Let me take that off your plate so you can focus on the important stuff.	зняти з когось частину обов'язків; розвантажити когось

epic fail	/ˌepɪk ˈfeɪl/	an extremely funny, embarrassing, or obvious failure (informal, internet slang)	Trying to impress everyone and then falling off the stage was an epic fail.	Епічний фейл, грандіозний конфуз
epic failure	/ˌepɪk ˈfeɪljə(r)/	a complete and very serious failure	The company's new product was an epic failure.	Епічний провал, повна невдача
needle	/ˈniːdl/	a thin metal tool used for sewing	I need a needle and some thread to fix my shirt.	Голка
coral	/ˈkɒrəl/	a hard substance formed by small sea animals, often used in jewellery or found in reefs	We saw beautiful coral while snorkeling.	Корал

Різниця між epic fail та epic failure

Phrase	Вживання	Відтінок
epic fail	Розмовна мова, інтернет, меми	Кумедний, іронічний, часто про незграбну ситуацію
epic failure	Звичайна англійська мова	Більш серйозний, офіційний, про реальний провал

efficient	/ɪˈfɪʃənt/	working well without wasting time, money, or effort	She is a very efficient manager.	ефективний, раціональний, продуктивний (акцент на економії часу, грошей і зусиль)
effective	/ɪˈfektɪv/	producing the desired result	This method is very effective.	ефективний, результативний (акцент на досягненні потрібного результату)
efficiency	/ɪˈfɪʃənsi/	the ability to work well without wasting resources	We need to improve efficiency.	ефективність, продуктивність (наскільки раціонально використовуються ресурси: час, гроші, зусилля)
effectiveness	/ɪˈfektɪvnəs/	the degree to which something achieves its goal	The effectiveness of the treatment was impressive.	результативність, ефективність (наскільки успішно досягнуто поставленої мети)
greasy spoon	/ˌɡriːsi ˈspuːn/	a small cheap café serving simple food	We stopped at a greasy spoon near the station.	дешева закусочна, забігайлівка
hole-in-the-wall	/ˌhəʊl ɪn ðə ˈwɔːl/	a very small and often hidden shop, café, or restaurant	It's a little hole-in-the-wall café.	маленький непримітний заклад, «заховане» кафе
dive bar	/ˈdaɪv bɑːr/	a cheap, old-fashioned, slightly run-down bar	We ended up in a dive bar near the harbour.	дешева наливайка, пошарпаний бар, забігайлівка для випивки

Формула для запам'ятовування

• Effective / Effectiveness =  Result
• Досягли мети чи ні?
• Efficient / Efficiency = Resources + Result
• Скільки ресурсів витратили для досягнення мети?

Приклад:

• Метод навчання може бути effective (учні вивчили англійську).
• Але не дуже efficient (на це пішло 10 років 😄).

Ідеальний варіант:

The method is both effective and efficient.

Метод одночасно результативний і раціональний.

put off	/ˌpʊt ˈɒf/	to decide to do something at a later time, often because you don't want to do it now or because it is inconvenient	I keep putting off cleaning my room.	відкладати, переносити (Put off частіше вживається в повсякденній мові. Часто передає небажання, лінь або прагнення відкласти справу.)
postpone	/pəˈspəʊn/	to arrange for an event or activity to happen later than originally planned	The meeting was postponed until Friday.	переносити, відкладати (Postpone звучить офіційніше. Часто використовується щодо зустрічей, заходів, поїздок, іспитів, коли дату змінюють офіційно.)
fiction	/ˈfɪkʃən/	literature or stories that are invented rather than true	I enjoy reading historical fiction.	художня література; вигадка
non-fiction	/ˌnɒnˈfɪkʃən/	books based on real facts and events	She mostly reads non-fiction about psychology.	документальна (нехудожня) література
after a while	/ˌɑːftər ə ˈwaɪl/	after some time has passed	After a while, everyone relaxed.	через деякий час
for a while	/fɔːr ə ˈwaɪl/	during a period of time	We talked for a while before leaving.	деякий час; протягом певного часу
out of the blue	/ˌaʊt əv ðə ˈbluː/	unexpectedly and without any warning	She called me out of the blue after ten years.	як грім серед ясного неба; зовсім несподівано (Наголошує на повній неочікуваності події. Зазвичай ідеться про щось, що сталося без будь-яких передумов.)
all of a sudden	/ˌɔːl əv ə ˈsʌdn/	suddenly and unexpectedly	All of a sudden, the lights went out.	раптом; зненацька (Описує момент різкої зміни або несподіваного розвитку подій. Акцент саме на миттєвості.)
suddenly	/ˈsʌdnli/	quickly and unexpectedly	Suddenly, everybody started laughing.	раптом; несподівано (Нейтральний прислівник. Просто повідомляє, що дія сталася раптово, без додаткових відтінків.)

• suddenly → просто раптом.
• all of a sudden → і тут раптом....
• out of the blue → ніщо не віщувало, і раптом....